Edition December 2025 / January 2026

On 1 December, South Africa joined the rest of the world in marking World AIDS Day, observed under the theme, “Renewed Efforts and Sustainable Commitments to End AIDS”. The commemoration called for a renewed push to close gaps in prevention, treatment and education, while emphasising the need for sustained investment and stronger community involvement as global priorities evolve.

Government remains committed to the fight against HIV and AIDS, and TB.  It continues to enhance tracking and tracing systems designed to curb these epidemics and improve public health outcomes. The latest Health Indicators Research Findings report, compiled by the Directorate: Research Services at the Government Communication and Information System, provides valuable insight into public perceptions, government interventions and the path forward in addressing these intertwined health challenges.

Confidence in HIV and AIDS, and TB response

Despite the evolving challenges in the public health sector, the report shows that more than 60% of South Africans remain confident in government’s efforts to combat HIV and AIDS, and TB. This is a testament to government’s commitment, particularly through two major national campaigns launched in 2025 aimed at expanding access to treatment and reducing mortality rates.

Provincial data reveals encouraging trends. Limpopo (75%), Gauteng (73%)  and the  Free State (72%) lead in public confidence regarding HIV and AIDS interventions. Similarly, TB treatment efforts are viewed positively in Limpopo (74%), the Free State (70%) and Gauteng (70%). These figures underscore the impact of targeted health campaigns and the importance of provincial leadership in driving health outcomes.

The youth at the epicentre

A sobering reality emerges from the data: young women aged 15 – 24, remain the most vulnerable group, recording the highest weekly rates of new HIV and TB infections. This demographic, often caught at the intersection of socio-economic challenges and limited access to healthcare, demands urgent and sustained attention.

In response, the Department of Health has initiated groundbreaking interventions, including the trial of Lenacapavir, a long-acting HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis injection at the Maria Rantho Clinic. This breakthrough provides new hope for a future where HIV prevention is more accessible, particularly for those at highest risk. In addition, the department has rolled out two major campaigns to address the broader health crisis: the "Close the Gap" campaign, which aims to ensure that 1.1 million people living with HIV who are not currently receiving treatment begin their treatment by December 2025, and the "End TB Campaign," which targets the testing of 5 million people by March 2026.

Primary healthcare

While progress has been made in combating HIV and AIDS, and TB, the report reveals a concerning decline in public confidence in the broader primary healthcare system. Only 40% of respondents believe that public clinics are performing well, and just 35% express satisfaction with public hospitals. These figures reflect a widespread dissatisfaction, particularly outside of Limpopo and Mpumalanga, where confidence remains relatively higher.

This contrast – strong confidence in disease-specific interventions but weak trust in general healthcare services – points to a critical need for systemic reform. Strengthening the primary healthcare is essential not only for managing chronic diseases but also for ensuring equitable access to quality care for all.

Reaching the right people, the right way

The report also examines media consumption patterns across five key population segments: Rooted Realists, City Seekers, Safely Suburban, Metro Mobiles and Cosmopolitan Capital. Traditional media, particularly radio and television, remain a powerful tool for reaching the majority, especially in rural and peri-urban areas.

However, the digital divide persists. While segments like Cosmopolitan Capital and Metro Mobiles are highly active online, Rooted Realists – who make up nearly half of the population – lag behind in internet usage. This underscores the importance of multi-platform communication strategies that blend digital innovation with community radio, print materials and face-to-face outreach.

Towards 2030

As South Africa marches towards the National Development Plan Vision 2030 goals, the findings of this report serve as both a mirror and a map. They reflect the progress made in key areas like HIV and AIDS, and TB, while also illuminating the gaps that persist in primary healthcare delivery.

The path forward demands collaboration across government departments, civil society, and communities. It calls for youth-focused interventions, gender-sensitive programming, and inclusive communication that leaves no one behind. ❖